As an expert in the construction industry, I have seen firsthand the benefits of using structural insulated panels (SIPs) in building projects. These panels are meticulously designed to meet stringent load requirements, crack resistance, and wind load standards, as stipulated in the SIPCO BBA certification.
But what exactly are SIPs and how are they used?
SIPs have two main applications. First, they can be used as a complete structural system for a construction.This means that SIPs can serve as the walls, floors, and roofs of a building. Secondly, SIPs are also used to fill walls of steel, concrete, oak, or laminated wood structures. This versatility makes them a popular choice among builders and architects. One of the key advantages of SIPs is their estimated lifespan of more than 60 years. In fact, some of the first SIP constructions are already 90 years old and still going strong.
However, SIPs have only been used more frequently over the past three decades. The panels consist of an OSB coating that acts as a chocolate wafer, with a closed-cell EPS foam insulation inside that is used to make ice cream. This unique combination provides both structural support and insulation for the building. SIPs are designed and manufactured with load capacities in mind, including resistance to wind and cracking. According to manufacturers, SIP walls and ceilings can withstand almost twice the load than a 2-frame alternative.
This means that SIPs are not only strong but also durable. When it comes to size, SIPs typically have a depth of between 200 mm and 400 mm (depending on the section) and are finished with a structural platform. This provides rigid, squeak-free floors up to 5 m wide without the need for additional support. The structural platform also serves to safeguard the integrity of the OSB and prevent moisture from penetrating the core of the SIP, which could damage the insulating layer. One of the main advantages of using SIPs is their ability to withstand significant loads both horizontally and vertically, with fewer internal rivets. In fact, it is estimated that panels with structural insulation represent 8% of self-constructions, and for good reason.
Not only are they strong and durable, but they also offer excellent insulation properties, making them a cost-effective choice for building projects. However, it is important to note that SIPs may require additional soundproofing materials, such as a soundproofing plate, to further improve their soundproofing properties. Additionally, most SIPs come in 1.2 m x 2.7 m sheets, so it makes sense to use a 1.2 m flat grid for construction. While ridges caused by the expansion of SIP roof panels may be an aesthetic defect, they do not affect the performance of the roof or SIP roof panels. In large commercial applications, SIPs can minimize the amount of structural support needed and reduce material costs. This is because the same type of structural insulated panel can be used to build external walls, internal load-bearing walls, and roof panels.
Ultimately, SIPs provide some level of fire resistance as they slow the spread of flame and provide insulation to help prevent the interior of the building from overheating. If there is any damage to a SIP construction, it is important to identify the source of the problem and find a structural solution. This is because every time a manufacturer has to cut a section of a panel, they will be charged for labor time and for the removal of excess material. Therefore, it is crucial to ensure proper installation and maintenance of SIPs to avoid any potential issues.
